Cholesterol levels - Optimal Balance Hormone Therapy

What is cholesterol levels?

Cholesterol is a waxy, fat-like substance that is found in all the cells in our body. Our liver produces all the cholesterol our body needs to function normally. Cholesterol travels through the bloodstream in small packages called lipoproteins.

There are two main types of lipoproteins that carry cholesterol throughout our body:

• Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) - LDL cholesterol is considered "bad" cholesterol because it contributes to a buildup of plaque in the arteries
• High-density lipoprotein (HDL) - HDL cholesterol helps remove LDL cholesterol from the arteries which is why it is known as "good" cholesterol

Why do cholesterol levels matter?

The amount of cholesterol in our bloodstream impacts our risk for heart disease and stroke. High LDL cholesterol levels in particular contribute to fatty plaque deposits in our arteries, leading to atherosclerosis. This buildup of plaque narrows the arteries and makes them less flexible, reducing blood flow.

• A heart attack or stroke can occur if a piece of plaque breaks off and blocks an artery
• Lower HDL levels also increase disease risk since HDL helps remove LDL from the arteries

Target cholesterol levels

Experts recommend the following for healthy cholesterol levels:

• Total cholesterol: less than 200 mg/dL
• LDL cholesterol: less than 100 mg/dL
• HDL cholesterol: 60 mg/dL or higher
• Triglycerides: less than 150 mg/dL

Levels above these targets indicate an increased risk for cardiovascular problems. Lifestyle changes and cholesterol-lowering medications can help manage high cholesterol.